Machine-building complex (January-April 2009)
By results of January-April 2009 comparing to analogical period of 2008 (according to the State Statistics Committee data), rate of industrial production by machine-building enterprises was 46.3% (in January-February of current year – 45.4%), including at:
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enterprises producing electric, electronic and optical equipment – 60.7% (58.4%)
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producing machines and equipment – 51.0% (49.7%)
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producing transport vehicles and equipment – 36.2 percents (36.4%).
In April, production volumes in machine-building industry decreased by 2.5% versus March, 2009.
Indexies's dynamic of production volumes in machine-building industry, % verusus equal period of 2008
In April 2009, output of basic types of machine-building goods increased by comparison to March of this year, in particular production increased :
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5.6 times for tractors for agricultural and forest economy (17 items produced in April);
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5 times – for trucks (22 items);
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2 times – for seeding-machines (380 items);
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2.1 times – for domestic refrigerators (25.8 ths. items); and
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almost two times – for electric transformers (1.0 mn items) and alike.
By results of January-April of current year comparing to the respective period of 2008, production of semiconductor devices increased by only 12.6% and of energy meters, including gauge meters, - by 13.2%.
At the same time during the same period production of almost all basic types of products substantially decreased, in particular production of the following items went down:
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tractors for agricultural and forest economy (-98.6%)
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trucks (-91.2%)
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disk-harrows (-92.6%)
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seeding-machines (-82.1%)
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buses (-90.9%)
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passenger cars (-84.5%) and others like that.
In January-April 2009 output embraced:
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tractors for agricultural and forest economy – 42 items
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seeding-machines – 609 items
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passenger cars – 22.8 ths. items
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buses – 336 items
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trucks – 446 items
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non-self-propelled freight railway cars– 3 ths. items and others like that.
Comparing to January-April, 2008 production of domestic appliances decreased:
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washingmachines (by 26.4%);
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domesticrefrigerators-deep-freezers combined with separate external doors (by 67.9%);
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domesticrefrigerators (by 50.8 %).
During January-March 2009 versus the respective period of the previous year, export of machine-building products diminished , in particular of agricultural machinery . Thus, exports in the first three months of this year included:
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none of combine harvesters (none during analogical period of previous year)
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ploughs – 95 items (by 82.9%)
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disk-harrows – 6 items (80.0%)
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seeding-machines – 349 items (78.1%)
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tractors – 157 items (by 83.5%) and others like that.
Major external market of agricultural machinery is the Russian Federation. In particular, in January-March 2009 export to the RF included:
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53 ploughs (55.7% of total export)
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3 disk-harrows (50%),
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297 seeding-machines (85.1%)
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90 tractors (57.3%).
Similar situation is observed with import of agricultural machinery. Thus, during January-March 2009 comparing to analogical period of previous year import supplies included:
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ploughs – by 84.1% less (190 items in 2009 versus 1,200 items in 2008)
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seeding-machines – by 86.2% (434 items versus 3,141 items)
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disk-harrows – by 58.4% (109 items versus 262 items)
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tractors – 48.9% (5,663 items versus 11,099 items)
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combine harvester – by 69.4% (164 items versus 536 items).
Following factors were the reasons of production decrease by results of 4 months:
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reduction of external demand on machine-building products, caused by recessional processes in world economy, that resulted in losses by exporters of external markets, and therfore impossibility to receive incomes, absence of circulating money for production development, arrears of wages growth and others like that;
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decrease of demand for machine-building products at internal market. It is related to decline of purchasing power of domestic consumers in combination with reduction of financing from almost all sources (reducing of budgetary financing, limitation of commercial banks crediting, establishment of more narrow terms for receipt of credits, increase of interest rates on credits as result of worsening of bank institutions liquidity), that entailed demand turning on machine-building products;
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consumer crediting is frozen.
Taking into account high dependence of machine-building industry on traditional external product markets (mainly, Russian) and low level of diversification of external markets, this factor acts as essential limitation for machine-building industry development.
Thus, as a result of demand reduction on machine-building products, in conditions of worsening of crediting terms and lack of liquidity, producers, first of all, try to sell products from stock without increase of production amounts. In particular, as of 01.04.2009 remains of produced items were:
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tractors for agricultural and forest economy – 831 items;
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ploughs – 208 items;
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disk-harrows – 1449 items;
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seeding-machines – 669 items.
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